Read the frame, not only the image.

Maps, books, photographs, films, exhibitions, advertisements, policy documents, and platform media are treated as historical evidence. A source matters not because it is representative by itself, but because its production, circulation, audience, and afterlife can be traced.

Editorial interpretation distinguishes what a source depicts from the claim it makes and from the later meanings assigned to it.

Historical names are preserved when they are necessary to explain the source, then contextualised in current language. Terms that reproduce racial, imperial, or national stereotypes are quoted only when analytically necessary.

The shared timeline supports comparison, but dates do not imply equivalent causes or consequences across China and Japan.

Published records identify the creator, date, holding institution, stable source link, shelfmark when available, and known rights status. Public-domain status is not assumed from age alone.

If a rights claim or attribution changes, the record is corrected and the media can be withdrawn without removing the historical argument around it.

This is an evolving editorial publication. Corrections should identify the page, the disputed statement or metadata field, and supporting evidence. Researchers may cite the page title, project name, URL, and access date.